Improvement in carriage-axles



N lbbttte' tatrt vand fed to the journal through JOSEPH E. WILSONQOE-PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOE "IO ELEANOR WILSON, OF SAME PLAGE,AND HENRY M. EILE, OE WILMINGTON, DELAWARE.

Letters Patent No. $111,932, dated` September 14, 1869.

i IMPROVEMENT IN CARRIAGE-AXLES.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of thesame.

To Aill whom 'it may concern .v .V 4

Be it known that I, JOSEPH B. WILSON, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania,have invented anl Improvement in the Manufacture of Axles for Vehicles;and I do hereby declare the followingy to be a full, clear, and

, exact descliption of the same.

My invention consists of a hollow axle, cast in a mould, and afterwardsso annealed and hardened that it shall be tough, malleable, and capableot resisting as great or greater strains :1s-axles made of the bestnought-iron or steel, all of which is fully described hereafter.

In order to enable others Skilled in the art to make and apply myinvention, I` will now proceed to describe the mode of carrying the Sameinto eect, reference being had to the laccompanying drawing,which'forrns a part of this specification, and in which- Figure 1y is aperspective vielw of a portion of an axle made according to myinvention, and l Figure 2, a sectional view of the same.

The axle Shown lin the drawing consists of ,three main portions: thehollow journal A, capped at its Outer end by a Screw-pllig, a, theShoulder B, consisting of a Solid mass ot metal arranged at the point ofgreatest strain, and the central box-like portion G,

into which a wooden Stock, :v,`represented by red lines in fig. 2, isintended to be inserted.

The cavity e, in the interior of' the journal, while it decreases theweight of the axle, is also `used as a receptacle forlubricating-material, the latter being in-v troduced eitherthrough apassage in the shoulder B,- or from the end Of the axle, after removingthe cap a, small openings, fj, g 2

Inmanufacturing the aboveaxle, I first cast it in 4 a mould, using ahard, brittle, and comparatively cheap metal, the cavity e in thejournal being formed by means of a suitable core.

After being cast, the axle is placed in an annealingfurnace, whereit issuffered to remain for from eight to ten days, this portion of theOperation rendering the axle tough, malleable, and capable ot' beingbent without breaking.

For the purpose of hardening the surface of the axle, and of improvingthe quality of the metal, it is finally submitted to the action of acarbonizing-n'nace for from three to `five days.

I have found, by repeated experiments, that axles cast and treated inthe above manner are fully. as tough and able to resist as great orgreater strains as axles madeof the best wrought-iron or Steel, whiletheir cost is considerably less than One-half of that of either of thelatter. l

Although in describing my improvement, I have illustrated but one formof hollow axle, it will be evident that this form may be varied withoutdeparting from Vmy invention.

I therefore claim as my invention, and desire to secure by LettersPatent, as a new article of manufacture- A hollow axle, cast, annealed,and hardened, substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, inthe presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOSEPH B. WILSON Witnesses:

v JOHN WHITE,

.HARRY SMITH.

